Abstract:
In India, food industries are growing fast day by day. The wastage coming out from these industries
like meat waste and used cooking oil are nearly 4.9 million tons/year. Due to the lag of waste management,
these wastes have been dumped in landfills which increase environmental pollution and health problem
for human as well as animals. To solve this problem, an attention has been made to develop a renewable
catalyst from egg shell which is a poultry waste product for the production of biodiesel. Fourier transforminfrared
spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the
synthesized catalyst. For biodiesel production, chicken fat and waste cooking oil were used. The chicken
fat was extracted from the waste poultry meat and used cooking oil was taken from the college canteen.
These chicken fat and waste cooking oil were mixed together to form a raw bio-mix oil. This raw bio-mix
oil was converted to bio-mix methyl ester through the transesterification reaction. The reaction
parameters like methanol/oil ratio, catalyst and reaction time were investigated. Two samples of bio-mix
biodiesel (BMB-I and BMB-II) were prepared, BMB-I from the developed catalyst and BMB-II from the base
catalyst (KOH). Furthermore, fuel properties were investigated and found to be within the standard values.
Engine study shows that both bio-mix biodiesel samples (BMB-I, BMB-II) have higher brake specific fuel
consumption (BSFC) and lower brake thermal efficiency (BTE) as compared to diesel fuel. Exhaust emissions
like NOx, CO, CO2, HC and smoke were found to be lower for BME-I as compared to BMB-II and diesel fuel
respectively. Thus the catalyst developed in this study was found to be cost effective and low toxic for
biodiesel production
