Abstract:
The global climate crisis currently necessitates an urgent, multidisciplinary
analysis of environmental governance effectiveness in the face of escalating
climate induced Present situation with disasters. This research explores the
importance of protecting the environment as a fundamental prerequisite for
socio economic stability and how does the lack of effective technological
integration in environmental protection affects the harmonization of legal
frameworks for mitigation and adaptation across local, national, and
international levels. If we consider international level, we have conventions
like the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC), its call Kyoto Protocol, and the comprehensive Paris Agreement
establish binding and non binding commitments for emissions reduction,
climate finance, and capacity building. These International conventions
objectives are same and common, but differentiated responsibilities and
intergenerational equity. In the local context, Sri Lanka has legal landscape
through the National Environmental Act (NEA) No. 47 of 1980 and
subsequent amendments (No. 56 of 1988 and No. 53 of 2000), alongside the
Fauna and Flora Protection Act. The primary objectives of this study are to
evaluate the alignment between international mandates and Sri Lankan local
acts and to identify the systemic gap in early-warning recognition when
comparing with India. Current recent problems involve a reliance on historical
meteorological data, which fails to account for non linear climatic shifts,
leading to surprised responses to extreme weather. The research methodology
employs a comparative and analytical qualitative approach, utilizing
secondary data from legislative reviews, global climate indices, and recent case
studies of Sri Lankan climate policy and the Indian policy of right to life.
Findings indicate that while legal frameworks are robust, a critical gap exists
in integrating predictive AI-driven modeling and real time sensor networks to
recognize climate anomalies before they manifest as disasters. Solutions
proposed include the adoption of “Climate Smart” legislative clauses that
mandate predictive impact assessments. The implications of this study suggest
that synchronizing local enforcement with high technology predictive solutions
is vital for the resilience of island nations.
