Abstract:
Background and objective: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD),
particularly in diabetic patients, is increasing rapidly throughout the world. In the current
era, many individuals in developing nations suffer from diabetes which is a major risk
factor for CKD. This study aimed to determine the pattern of CKD and the association
of lifestyle, sociodemographic and clinical factors with the pattern of CKD in patients
with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the Diabetic Centre, Teaching Hospital Jaffna
(THJ).
Methods: This hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among
317 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) attending the Diabetic Center, THJ. Data
were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and data extraction
sheet. SPSS was used to analyze the collected data. Chi-square test was performed to
assess the association of selected variables with CKD and its parameters.
Results: In total, 317 patients participated in the study. In the sample,185 (58.4%) were
female. The majority (n=284, 89.6%) were more than 40 years of age. Among the
participants, 103 (32.5%) had type 2 DM for >10 years; 231 (72.9%) were non-smokers
and 244 (77%) did not consume alcohol; 177 (55.8%) adhered to a diabetic diet; 248
(78.2%) had fasting blood sugar above 126 mg/dl and 259 (81.7%) had HbA1C above
6.5%. A large proportion of patients who were overweight (n=43, 19.1%) had CKD;
206 (65%) patients had hypertension and 187 (59%) had dyslipidemia. Among them,
281 (88.6%) had good drug compliance and 300 (94.6%) attended their clinics regularly.
There was a significant association between following diabetic diet, duration of type 2
DM, drug compliance, hypertension and family history of CKD and the progression of
CKD (p≤0.05).
Conclusion and recommendations: The study identified that not following a diabetic
diet, greater duration of type 2 DM, poor drug compliance, having a family history of
CKD and hypertension are significantly associated with the progression of CKD in type
2 DM patients.
