Abstract:
Background and objective: Gender-based violence (GBV) is a prevalent issue in Sri
Lanka with severe but often hidden consequences. Jaffna is a notable hotspot for
domestic violence, indicating the prevalence of GBV in the region. Our study primarily
addressed this concern, recognizing that DV and GBV are closely linked. GBV-related
health problems range from mild depression to fatal outcomes, underscoring the urgency
of addressing this issue. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge,
perceptions on gender-based violence and associated factors among patients admitted to
Teaching Hospital Jaffna (THJ).
Methods: This institutional-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from
November 2022 to February 2023 at THJ. We used the Kobo-collect app for interviewer-
administered questionnaires on GBV-associated factors, knowledge, and perceptions.
Data were analyzed with SPSS Software.
Results: In total, 394 patients participated in the study (7.72% non-response); 53.8%
were male and 33% were below 30 years. Notably, 20.3% had experienced GBV, among
them 41.3% had acted against GBV. Knowledge assessment revealed 45.2% poor, 21.3%
average, and 33.5% good knowledge scores, while perceptions were 45.2% positive,
11.7% neutral, and 43.1% negative. Significant associations were found, linking higher
GBV incidence to age over 30 (X2=5.001, p=0.025), educational qualification below O/L
(X2=3.965, p=0.046), unmarried status (X2=11.644, p=0.001), good knowledge
(X2=12.67, p=0.002), and negative perceptions (X2=7.043, p=0.030). Hence the study
revealed significant associations between GBV and age, civil status, educational
qualifications, knowledge and perceptions on GBV.
Conclusion and recommendations: This study highlights low GBV knowledge,
emphasizing the need for interventions. Perceptions play a key role in GBV experiences.
Initiatives should start in childhood, focusing on education. Addressing marital conflicts,
enforcing robust laws, offering counseling, and promoting a healthier lifestyle can
significantly reduce GBV in society.
