Tracking Everyone and Everything in Smart Cities with an ANN Driven Smart Antenna

Abstract

Smart cities require the application of human brain-like intelligence systems for sensing, monitoring, decision making and action. In this chapter this scenario is addressed in a two-fold manner. First, the function and requirements placed upon telecommunications systems are described and the future directions and challenges are discussed specifically in relation to the sixth generation (6G) wireless systems which are both different from the wireless systems up to 5G and are expected to play a critical role in smart cities. Secondly, the chapter presents a novel artificial intelligence (AI) driven smart antenna that is both computationally efficient and low on memory use, with the ability to track machine to machine, M2M, and machine to human, M2H, communications in the smart city. Smart cities depend on smart Internet of Things (IoT) management to ensure that infrastructure is monitored and corrected if there is a failure as in the case of emergency systems. This chapter discusses the application of AI in the physical layer in addressing connectivity issues of IoT in the wide area network and cellular systems landscape. The chapter address the connectivity of wireless systems of low power consumption, enhanced coverage, low latency communications, small bursts of data and the number of devices (running into hundreds of thousands). Central to the IoT management system is a novel artificial neural network (ANN) driven antenna that may rapidly be set for continuous rotating communication with several machines or smartphones, as well as focus in specific areas of intense or critical activity. Furthermore, the ANN driven array smart antenna will be coded to track moving targets.