Abstract:
Introduction: Stroke is a significant health concern in Sri Lanka, leading to high rates of
mortality and morbidity. Healthcare must prioritize prevention and early detection to address
this issue. While research on stroke treatment in Sri Lanka is limited, local studies highlight
changing trends and risk factors. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of stroke and its
risk factors in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka.
Methodology: This population-based cross-sectional study conducted by the NIHR Global
Health Research Group on Atrial Fibrillation focused on individuals aged 50 and above in the
Northern Province. Using a multi-stage sampling approach, the study recruited a sample size
of 10,000 Tamil-speaking participants representing all five northern districts. Data were
collected with an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to
determine the prevalence and describe the common risk factors.
Results: Out of 10,000 individuals, 231 had a stroke, resulting in a 2.3% prevalence rate.
Among the 231 patients with stroke, mean age was 68.6 (SD 8.6) years, with 54.1% and 45.9%
being males and females, respectively. Educational status varied, with most having primary
education or less (40.2%). Retirees comprised 47.6% of the group. Common risk factors
included hypertension (71.0%), diabetes mellitus (34.6%) and palpitations (30.7%).
Conclusion: Our study revealed a higher stroke prevalence rate (2.3%) in the Northern
Province compared to the national rate (1.0%). Patients with stroke had a high prevalence of
risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and heart diseases. These insights highlight the need
for tailored primary prevention and management strategies, considering socio-economic
factors and specific regional risks, particularly screening programs and rehabilitation services.
