http://repo.lib.jfn.ac.lk/ujrr/handle/123456789/1 2026-05-09T16:37:41Z http://repo.lib.jfn.ac.lk/ujrr/handle/123456789/12609 Title: Study on Prevalence of Anaemia Among the Students of 10 To 15 Years of J/Navatkuli Maha Vidyalayam, Jaffna, Srilanka Authors: Miraaj, R.; Sailajah, S. Abstract: Anaemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells or the haemoglobin concentration within them is lower than normal. Haemoglobin is needed to carry oxygen and if you have too few or abnormal red blood cells, or not enough haemoglobin, there will be a decreased capacity of the blood to carry oxygen to the body's tissues. This results in symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, dizziness and shortness of breath, among others. The optimal haemoglobin concentration needed to meet physiologic needs varies by age, sex, elevation of residence. smoking habits and pregnancy status. The most common causes of anaemia include nutritional deficiencies, particularly iron deficiency. The prevalence is high specifically in school children and pregnant women. This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of anaemia among the school going children in a rural area. A prospective study was carried out among the school students between the ages of 10-15 year, and identify the anaemia in the study population is hundred (100) students of grade 6-9 at J/Navatkuli Maha Vidyalayam. The haemoglobin levels were estimated using Sahli's haemometer by acid haemolysis method. The reports of haemoglobin levels in 100 children revealed that 67% were anaemic and 33% were non-anaemic. When the occurrence pattern of anaemia was compared to the age distribution, 19% of anaemic children were between the age group of 10-11 years. 23% between 12-13 years.25% between 14-15 years. Based on the above results, the age group of children found highly susceptible to anaemia were between 14 to 15 years. The gender categorization reveals the prevalence of anaemia was high in females than in males. Among the 67 anaemic children, 22% were found to be male where as 45% were found to be female children. Out of the 67 anaemic children, 17 % were found to have haemoglobin below 7 g/dl percentage, 23 % have between 7-10 g/dl and 27 % between 10-12 g/dl level. The Body Mass Index of the children was calculated by using weight by height ratio. Out of 100 children, 69% had below normal BMI, 24% had normal BMI and 7% had above normal BMI. The study was carried out to understand the current prevalence pattern of anaemia anong school going children in the rural area of the city and to enhance the health status of children and raise the awareness about these diseases in the rural population. As anaemia is one of the major public health problem in Srilanka, a comprehensive plan to overcome this problem is important. National guidelines can be followed for the prevention and management of anaemia. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.jfn.ac.lk/ujrr/handle/123456789/12585 Title: A textual study of Kirigai disorders in Siddha Medicine Authors: Miraaj, R.; Krishna, S.; Sritharan, A. Abstract: The Siddha system of Medicine, one of Tamil tradition's ancient healing sciences, presents a comprehensive understanding of mental health through concepts rooted in the equilibrium of the three humors such as Vali, Azhal, and Iyyam which formed from the Panchabootham. Disturbances in this humoral balance are believed to manifest as mental disorders. Among the 4,448 diseases described by the Siddhars, 18 psychiatric conditions, collectively termed Kirigai Noi, were elaborated by Sage Agasthiyar and further clarified by Sage Yugi Munivar. The objective of this study is to systematically explore and interpret the descriptions of psychiatric disorders found in authentic Siddha texts. Data for this study were collected from classical Siddha textbooks and relevant research publications available through credible online sources. The collected information was subjected to content analysis, and sincere efforts were made to consolidate and describe traditional concepts related to Kirigai Noi. Siddha literature attributes mental illness to physiological derangements of Udal Thadukkal and disruptions in the psychological faculties as Manam, Buddhi, Sitham, and Agangaram which form part of the 96 Thathuvam. The detailed symptomatology of the 18 Kirigai Noi types demonstrates notable parallels with contemporary psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, mania, depression, neurotic disorders, convulsive conditions, and substance-related psychiatric disturbances. Analysis of Naadi findings, particularly the predominance of Piththa Naadi in psychiatric disorders, further supports the Siddha theoretical framework regarding mental illness. This study highlights how humoral imbalances, psychological constructs, and diagnostic pulse interpretations described in Siddha texts contribute to a holistic understanding of mental disorders. Overall, the exploration underscores the depth of Siddha psychiatric knowledge and its potential relevance to integrative mental health approaches. By aligning classical descriptions with modern psychiatric perspectives, this study demonstrates how Siddha insights may complement contemporary mental health practices and provide a broader framework for understanding and managing psychiatric conditions. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.jfn.ac.lk/ujrr/handle/123456789/12533 Title: Cigarette use among the 16 to 20 years school Students of rural area of Navatkulli, Jaffna Authors: Miraaj, R.; Miraaj, V. Abstract: A cigarette is a narrow cylinder of finely cut tobacco leaves that are rolled into thin paper for smoking. The cigarette is ignited at one end, causing the cigarette to smolder and allowing smoke to be inhaled from the other end. Cigarette manufacturers have described cigarette as a drug administration system for the delivery of nicotine in acceptable and attractive form. Cigarette are addictive (because of nicotine) and cause cancer, heart problems, and other health problems. In 2015, over 1.1 billion people smoked tobacco. Far more males than females smoked tobacco. Although it is declining worldwide and in many countries, the prevalence of tobacco smoking appears to be increasing in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region and the African region. This cross sectional study is about the cigarette use among the male school students between the ages of 16-20 year at rural area of Navatkuli, Jaffna between Octobers to December 2017. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and age initiation of cigarette use among school students in rural area of Navatkuli, Jaffna. The study included 100 male students of Navatkuli area and the data was collected by researchers through a self- administered questionnaire. A total of 100 male students between the ages of 16-20 year were included for this study. Here 29(29%) cigarette used students were screened and 16 years is the age initiation of cigarette use among school students. Here the prevalence of cigarette usage to be increased with their age. 20 years students have the high smoking habit than other ages. Parent's behavior, social pressure, their environment & friends are found to be the most common causes of initiating and addicting cigarette usage of students. 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.jfn.ac.lk/ujrr/handle/123456789/12532 Title: Medicinal Plants Used in The Treatment of Skin Diseases at Mattuvil Shivankovilady Area - A Field Survey Authors: Sathiyaseelan, V.; Gokularaj, V. Abstract: This paper represents the medicinally important plants used in Skin diseases which were identified in Mattuvil Shivankovilady area. Skin diseases are most common in world wide. It has two of the main causes are changes of life style and diet pattern, which an Individual follows either knowingly or unknowingly following these that's against the season or Prakriti of a person creates an imbalance in bodily energies, thus contaminating the body tissues to produce a skin disease. In Siddha, skin diseases are caused due to imbalances in all the three Doshas, the prime Dosha involved is Pitta. Excess Pitta in the blood can result in breakouts on the skin. Totally 105 medicinal plants belong to 46 families was identified from the study area. During our field visit we identified rich diversity of medicinal plant in Northern province (Jeyaweera 1991) including skin diseases. Out of these 35 family plants (59 plants) were used in skin disease. Leguminosae being the most frequently (12.38%) represented family. Plants mentioned in this survey have shown many pharmacological properties (15 types). Mostly 18 plants have an anthelmintic action. Among these plants 26 (44.07%) used only externally. And most dominant plant part was leaf (62.71%). Organoleptic characteristics of these 59 plants mostly were 32 (54.24%) bitter in taste, 39 (66.10 %) hot in potency, 44 (74.58%) post digestive state in Kaarpu. All of these medicinal plants were found in this area and we want to protect the medicinal valuable plants on their natural habitat and further pharmacological and establish the form of preparations with the modern techniques. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z