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Predictive Performance of Cardiometabolic Indices for Metabolic Syndrome among Adults in Northern Sri Lanka

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Predictive Performance of Cardiometabolic Indices for Metabolic Syndrome among Adults in Northern Sri Lanka Authors: Madhurahini, R.; Viveka, M.; Arasaratnam, V.; Kumanan, T. Abstract: Introduction and Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) raises cardiovascular and Type 2 diabetes risk in South Asia. Simple indices enhance early detection and risk stratification. This study assessed the predictive performance of Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) in identifying MetS. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 753 adults from rural and urban Northern Sri Lanka. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were made using standardised procedures and cardiometabolic indices were calculated using established formulas. MetS was defined by IDF criteria. Associations were assessed using logistic regression, and predictive performance was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: All the cardiometabolic indices were significantly associated with MetS (p<0.001). In age- and gender-adjusted models, AIP showed the strongest association (OR = 72.58), followed by CMI (OR = 14.63), VAI (OR = 2.05), and LAP (OR = 1.08). ROC analysis demonstrated that LAP had the highest diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.904), followed by CMI (AUC = 0.833), VAI (AUC = 0.818), and AIP (AUC = 0.777). The optimal cut-off values were 32.84 cm.mmol/L for LAP (sensitivity 88.9%, specificity 78.5%), 0.615 for CMI (sensitivity 79.3%, specificity 75.2%), 1.985 for VAI (sensitivity 78.8%, specificity 74.1%), and 0.055 for AIP (sensitivity 76.4%, specificity 70.5%). Conclusion: All indices were significantly associated with MetS, though predictive performance varied. LAP showed the best performance and may be preferred for screening, while other indices can support risk assessment in a low middle income country like Sri Lanka.

Rare presentation of a prostatic carcinoma as pyrexia of unknown origin: A case report

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Rare presentation of a prostatic carcinoma as pyrexia of unknown origin: A case report Authors: Navakumaran, M.; Suganthan, N.; Kumanan, T.; Sujanitha, V.

Visual Outcomes of Cataract Surgery at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern Sri Lanka

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Visual Outcomes of Cataract Surgery at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern Sri Lanka Authors: Kumanan, T.; Malaravan, M.; Kumaran, S.; Arulijenani, K.; Powsiga, U.; Thurga, J. Abstract: Background: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment. Cataract surgery is the most common procedure for restoring vision in individuals with cataracts. It is important to assess the surgical outcomes of cataract surgery to ensure the highest standard of vision restoration, improved patient quality of life, and service delivery. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the visual outcomes of cataract surgery among patients attending the Eye Unit of Teaching Hospital Jaffna, Northern Sri Lanka, at the fourth week follow-up postoperatively. Methods: An institution-based, retrospective analytical study design was conducted among 1,133 patients who underwent cataract surgery using phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. The study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were obtained through a structured data extraction form derived from patients’ medical records and an interviewer-administered questionnaire, and were subsequently analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25 (Released 2017; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Proportions, summary statistics, and tables were used to present the findings. Multivariable linear regression was performed to identify associations among the variables. A p‑value of <0.05 was considered indicative of statistical significance. Results: Among 1,133 patients who underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation, 1,027 (90.6%) achieved good postoperative visual outcomes of 6/12 or better. The majority, 699 (61.7%), were female, and 800 (70.6%) were aged 60 years and above. The most common systemic comorbidities were hypertension with 386 (34.1%) patients and diabetes mellitus with 350 (30.9%), while 24 (2.1%) of them had pre-existing ocular comorbidities. Patients aged 60 years and above demonstrated significantly less improvement in visual acuity than those aged <60 years (p < 0.001). Diabetes mellitus was independently associated with reduced postoperative visual improvement (p = 0.014), whereas sex and pre-existing ocular comorbidities were not. Conclusion: The visual outcome following cataract surgery exceeds WHO recommendations. In this study, age and diabetes mellitus were associated with postoperative visual outcomes, whereas the presence of other ocular comorbidities and sex were not. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that good postoperative visual outcomes can be achieved with cataract surgery even in resource-constrained settings.

A rare case of occipital plexiform neurofibroma with skull erosions in neurofibromatosis type 1

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: A rare case of occipital plexiform neurofibroma with skull erosions in neurofibromatosis type 1 Authors: Kumanan, T.; Mathangi, N.; Suganthan, N.; Brammah, R.T. Abstract: Plexiform neurofibromas are benign nerve sheath tumours commonly associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Plexiform neurofibromas of the scalp is a rare finding. Plexiform neurofibroma in the occipital region is even rarer. The commonest skull manifestations in neurofibromatosis involve the orbit, with very few reports about occipital defects. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred modality to identify the lesion. It is usually managed by surgical excision, but recurrence has also been reported even after thorough removal. We present a case of a 52-year-old man with plexiform neurofibroma in the occipital region with skull erosions which is an extremely rare finding